A Study On Advancing Entrepreneurial Skills And Abilities...

KEABETSWE PHUTHEGO 200903371 ELB 504 GUIDED STUDY IN BUSINESS EDUCATION TOPIC: ADVANCING ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS AND ABILITIES THROUGH THE USE OF SIMULATION GAMES IN SECONDARY SHOOL BUSINESS EDUCATION DUE DATE: 8 APRIL 2016 INTRODUCTION What can we as teachers do to influence our learners to become entrepreneurs? The government of Botswana has been over the years working tirelessly in trying to curb unemployment more especially among the youth, as well as motivating them to venture into different kinds of businesses as a way encouraging entrepreneurship and trying to diversify the country’s economy which is highly reliant on diamond exports. This includes among other things, coming up with initiatives such as the Youth Development Fund (YDF) which exists to fund youth businesses to help fight unemployment and poverty. One of the programs of late is the Economic Stimulus Package (ESP) which aims at up-skilling and up-scaling unemployed youth among one of its many mandates. Again, there is the Citizen Entrepreneurship Development Agency (CEDA) which aims at providing financial and technical assistance to citizens to develop their businesses (CEDA, 2016). Not only does CEDA offer financial assistance to developing businesses but also to already existing ones. What is more, it also offers training, mentorship and advisory services to new entrepreneurs as well as those that have been in the industry for a while. It is however worrisome how some of the youth businesses

MATH 533 Course Project Data AJ DAVIS - 1178 Words

A. Brief Introduction There are 50 credit customers who were selected for the data collection on five variables such as location, income, size, years, and credit balance. In order to understand more about their customer, AJ DAVIS must use graphical, numerical summary to be able to interpret and better expand their business in the future. B. Discuss your 1st individual variable, using graphical, numerical summary and interpretation A histogram shows the distribution of data within the Income. In this Histogram graph of Income, it shows that the graph is not symmetrical. This histogram graph has a wider bell shape form. The graph shows that this graph is more like two graph because there is a clear difference between income generating†¦show more content†¦With the 95% Confidence Interval for Mean, Median, and St Dev are as described above. This graph shows that the size of two people per household is much higher than others. E. Discuss your 1st pairing of variables, using graphical, numerical summary and interpretation Total Variable Location Count N N* CumN Percent CumPct Mean SE Mean TrMean Income ($1,000) Rural 13 13 0 13 26 26 37.54 2.24 37.27 Suburban 15 15 0 28 30 56 47.27 3.91 47.31 Urban 22 22 0 50 44 100 50.18 2.98 50.15 Sum of Variable Location StDev Variance CoefVar Sum Squares Minimum Q1 Income ($1,000) Rural 8.07 65.10 21.49Show MoreRelatedMath 533 Part C Essay2020 Words   |  9 PagesAugust 26, 2012 MATH 533 Course Project Part C Professor Khago Introduction: The following report displays regression and correlation analysis for AJ Davis Department Stores data on credit balance and size. We will use the data collected from 50 credit customers to complete the following analysis; * Generate a scatterplot for CREDIT BALANCE vs. SIZE, including the graph of the best fit line. Interpret. * Determine the equation of the best fit line, which describes the relationshipRead MoreGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words   |  336 Pagesincluding photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Game theory and economic analysis / [edited by] Christian Schmidt. p. cm. – (Routledge advances in game theory; 001) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Game theory. 2

Role of Methodology in Project Managing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Role of Methodology in Project Managing. Answer: Methodology The methodologies that are involved in project management include determining the tasks that are to be attempted and the proper way to utilize the resources and time (Joslin Mller, 2015). Methodologies give a synopsis about the task that is to do first, keeping in mind which task depends on the previous task. Strategies of risk management are also proposed by the project manager in a methodology. The scope of project, resources that are applicable, the exact time for the delivery of the project and the time constraint are defined in the methodology that is used in the project management (Marcelino-Sdaba et al., 2014). The guiding processes that are needed for project management are provided in methodologies. The project management methodologies are not tool specific. The enterprises project management and methodology are heavily associated. The project managers work is made easier by these methodologies. Methodology contains templates, guidelines and definitions of the activities th at are needed in successful delivery of the project (Kerzner, 2013). Role of methodology in managing the project are Implement a familiar language planning and communicating before starting the project work. Inspires proper planning and communication before the starting of a project work. Creates a way to manage the project more accurately. Helps to track the progress of the work helps standardize reporting. Directs to achieve a useful project which concludes institutional objectives. Methodology is constructed on a bunch of best practices that are studied over the past time. Different methodologies used in project methodologies Considering the scope and requirement of the project, there are numerous number of methods that are adapted to project management (Burke, 2013). The followings are the list of methodologies- Agile methodology- This methodology determines to allow teams, manage risk or change of the project and enhance involvement of customer. This method develops the team, monitors the project, changes them accordingly and continues communication throughout the project life cycle. Waterfall methodology- Goals are well established and life time of the project life cycle is also reduced in waterfall method. Different modules and aspects are given to different teams to reach the goal of the project. System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) - This concept is applied to a variety of software and hardware configuration (Snyder, 2014). A system can be made of only software or only hardware or a combination of both of them. Prince2- Prince2 is a methodology and certification programme who are qualified and accredited through training. Prince2 signifies unification of the projects into controllable and manageable stages. Project management body of knowledge- PMBK is a compilation of knowledge and processes which is accepted as the best practice for profession of project management (Turner, 2016). PMBK contributes fundamental of project management, disregarding of type of engineering, construction and automotive project. The comparison of PMBK and Prince2 are as follows. Project Management Book of Knowledge PRINCE2 Origin United States United Kingdom Accesses Worldwide Worldwide Administered by PMI APMG Definition An approach of knowledge based project management PRINCE2 is a process based management methodology. Purpose Depict wide range of methods and core practices that are applied to guide a project. A group of process management describing how and when the work is to be done and what should be done. PMBOK mainly focus on the role of project manager. In PRINCE2 character of all the members are properly defined in project. Dimension Not perspective Tailorable and perspective Conformation Certification takes a month or more to confirm. Certification usually gets confirmed within a week. PMBOK considers a project is given to a supplier and is paid for the project. PRINCE2 is a customers access to a project. PMBOK in life cycle of project Project Management Book of Knowledge mainly consists of five stages of process in project management. Initiation and conception of the project. Project planning and definition. Execution and launch of project. Performance and control of project. Closing of project. Prince2 in project life cycle The prince2 method consist of seven processes in project management Direction of a project. Starting a project. Project initiation. Stage boundaries management. Stage controlling. Product delivery management. Closing a project. Planning. References Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Joslin, R., Mller, R. (2015). Relationships between a project management methodology and project success in different project governance contexts.International Journal of Project Management,33(6), 1377-1392. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Marcelino-Sdaba, S., Prez-Ezcurdia, A., Lazcano, A. M. E., Villanueva, P. (2014). Project risk management methodology for small firms.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), 327-340. Snyder, C. S. (2014). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK () Guide. Project Management Institute. Turner, R. (2016).Gower handbook of project management. Routledge.

Contract - Loan and Capital Gain Tax Law Australian Tax Law

Question: Discuss about the Contract, Loan and Capital Gain Tax Law for Australian Tax Law. Answer: 1: Income from personal exertion means income from earnings, wages, commissions, fees, bonus, retiring allowances, superannuation allowances, and gratuities which an employee receives in relation to any service provided. Such income would be included in the income of an employee as per Section 393-10 of the Australian Income Tax Act. If the contract was as such Hilary would own the copyright of her story and would ultimately sell for $10,000 then the payment would not be regarded as payment made for services rendered. In the case of Brent v FCT (1971) 125 CLR 418, payment made was regarded as the sale for copyright.[1] But this case is completely different since The Daily Terror newspaper has told Hilary to write her story and then she would assign all her rights, interests and title in the copyrights for $10,000 to the newspaper. If Hilary had a business of selling articles then such payment would have been considered as ordinary income. But in this case she has never written any story before, and now she is doing it only because a newspaper agency has told her to do so. As per these assumptions the said payment of $10,000 which Hilary received from the newspaper would not be regarded as ordinary income. It would also not be taxed under Section 15-2 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 since it was the payment for giving up the copyright. Instead it would be taxable under Capital Gains. The other two incomes which Hilary has earned would be considered as income from personal exertion. She received $5,000 from the Mitchell Library for selling manuscripts. While climbing mountain she had also took some photographs which she had sold for $2,000. These two incomes are considered under income from personal exertion. If she would have written her story for her own satisfaction then it would have been considered as income from personal exertion. 2: In the present case parent has given a housing loan to her son. The amount which was given as loan was $40,000. This loan was given without any formal agreement and even without giving any security. Since it was an informal agreement, parent told her son not give any interest as well. After the end of 5 years the loan was repaid by the son including interest. It was decided that no interest should be paid but still son repaid the full amount including interest. The interest paid by the son was equal to 5% pa on the amount borrowed. There was no part payment made by the son, instead at the end of 5 years a single cheque was presented by him to his parent. As per the Australian Income tax act, the said agreement between the parent and son would not be regarded as a contract since there was no formal agreement between them. It is assumed that they had an oral agreement that no interest should be paid on the loan. But inspite of this son at the end of 5 year repaid the full amount includ ing interest. Now this is considered as an income of the parent. But this amount was not at all discussed at the time when agreement was made. Since the amount was not at all discussed and as per the Australian Taxation Law the said income received by the parent would not be considered as an income of the parent.[2] The total amount received by the parent at the end of 5 year would also not be considered as income of the parent since it was a loan which is repaid to the parent. 3: As per Australian Taxation Law capital gain tax would not apply if a capital asset is bought before 20th September 1985. In the given case Scott is an accountant who had purchased a vacant block of land in Brisbane on 1st October 1980. On 1st September 1986 he had also built a house for which construction costs $60,000. At the time of construction value of the land was $90,000. After the construction was completed the whole property was given on rent. Then on 1st March Scott sold the entire property for auction for $800,000. Now since Scott has sold his property it would attract capital gain tax.[3] Part a) Scott is an individual who has let out his property on rent and then in March he had sold his property for $800,000. After the construction of the property Scot didnt stayed there, instead he had rented out his property. In this case any capital gain arising from such situations would be exempt under the Temporary Absence Rule. But such case would only apply when the property is sold within six years. But in Scott case property is not sold within six years. But still he would be exempt from paying capital gain tax since his property was purchased before September 1985.[4] Part b) In this case Scott has sold his property to his daughter for $200,000. In this case capital gain tax would be attracted since property is sold to the relative. Amount on which tax needs to be charged would be ($200,000 - $150,000) = $50,000. Capital gain tax would be 50% of $50,000 = $25,000 Part c) In this case property was owned by the company instead of Scott. Exemption provision was only applicable on individuals and not on company. Company needs to pay capital gain tax on it. References Aussie Home Loans | Mortgages | Loan | Personal Loans Australia' (Aussie.com.au, 2016) https://www.aussie.com.au/ accessed 20 August 2016 Barnet Jade - Find Recent Australian Legal Decisions, Judgments, Case Summaries For Legal Professionals (Judgments And Decisions Enhanced)' (Jade.io, 2016) https://jade.io/j/?a=outlineid=66285 accessed 20 August 2016 Exemptions | Australian Taxation Office' (Ato.gov.au, 2016) https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Capital-gains-tax/CGT-exemptions,-rollovers-and-concessions/Exemptions/ accessed 20 August 2016 Guide G, 'Taxes Are High In Australia' (Global Property Guide, 2016) https://www.globalpropertyguide.com/Pacific/Australia/Taxes-and-Costs accessed 20 August 2016 [1] Barnet Jade - Find Recent Australian Legal Decisions, Judgments, Case Summaries For Legal Professionals (Judgments And Decisions Enhanced)' (Jade.io, 2016) https://jade.io/j/?a=outlineid=66285 accessed 20 August 2016 [2] Aussie Home Loans | Mortgages | Loan | Personal Loans Australia' (Aussie.com.au, 2016) https://www.aussie.com.au/ accessed 20 August 2016 [3] Exemptions | Australian Taxation Office' (Ato.gov.au, 2016) https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Capital-gains-tax/CGT-exemptions,-rollovers-and-concessions/Exemptions/ accessed 20 August 2016 [4] Guide G, 'Taxes Are High In Australia' (Global Property Guide, 2016) https://www.globalpropertyguide.com/Pacific/Australia/Taxes-and-Costs accessed 20 August 2016

Skinner`s Essays - Behaviorism, B. F. Skinner,

Skinner`s Influence B.F. Skinner was one of the most influential theorists in modern psychology. His work was very important and has been studied by many for years. Skinner was a very straightforward man and a very educated man. His theories have helped mankind in many ways. He has studied the behavior patterns of many living organisms. Skinner was a well-published writer. His work has been published in many journals. He also has written many books on behaviorism. His most important work was the study of behaviorism. First began by John B. Watson, behaviorism is one of the most widely studied theories today. B.F. Skinner and His Influence in Psychology B.F. Skinner was one of the most famous of the American psychologists. He was born in Pennsylvania in 1904. Skinner was the father of modern behaviorism. Skinner did not get into psychology until he was in graduate school at Harvard. He was driven to Psychology after reading about the experiments of Watson and Pavlov. He received his doctoral degree in three years and taught at the University of Minnesota and the University of Indiana and finally returned to his alma mater at Harvard. Skinner contributed to psychological behaviorism by performing experiments that linked behaviors with terms commonly used to describe mental states. Skinner was responsible for some famous experiments such as the "Skinner box". Skinner also wrote some very famous books. One of them was "The Behavior of Organisms". This book describes the basic points of his system. Another was Walden Two. This book describes a utopian society that functions on positive reinforcement. Skinner was a very productive person until his death in 1990 at the age of 86. Behaviorism is a school of thought in psychology that is interested in observable behavior. Skinner said, "Behaviorism is not the science of human behavior; it is the philosophy of that science"(Skinner, 1974). There are various types of behavior, such as innate behavior. Innate behaviors are certain behaviors that we are born with, such as eating when we are hungry and sleeping when we are tired. Early Life Burrhus Frederic Skinner was born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania on March 20, 1904 to William Arthur and Grace Madge Skinner. Skinner's home was a warm and stable place. He lived in the house he was born in until he went off to college. Skinner also had a younger brother named Edmond James Skinner, born November 6, 1906. Skinner was very fond of his brother and loved him very much. At the young age of sixteen, Edmond died of a cerebral aneurysm. Skinner was a very inventive young man. He always was making or building things, such as wagons, model airplanes, etc. He also attempted to invent a perpetual motion machine, but it failed. He also read about animals. He collected toads, lizards, and snakes. He trained pigeons to do tricks after he saw them performing one year at a fair. Training the pigeons probably was where he got his ideas of operant conditioning. He attended Susquehanna High School just like his mother and father. In his graduating class there were only eight people including him. He was a very intellectual boy. He reported that he really enjoyed school. Over the four years in high school Skinner became quite good at mathematics and reading Latin, but was weak at science. He made up for it though, because he was always performing physical and chemical experiments while he was at home. His father was an avid book collector. Skinner always had a good library of books around his house. Skinner recalled the little collection of applied psychology journals that his father had bought. Those books could have been the starting point in his psychology career. Skinner grew up in a very religious family. His grandmother often reminded him of the concept of hell. His mother once washed his mouth out with soap literally for saying a bad word. His father never punished him, but he told him of the punishments that awaited him if he ever turned out to be a criminal. Overall Skinner had a good and happy childhood. College Life After graduating high school, Skinner went to Hamilton College where he majored in English Literature and minored in Romance Languages. He was drawn toward English when he was in high school by one of his teachers named Miss Graves. She also was responsible for his enjoyment of art and sculpting. Skinner never really fit into the campus life and he was not much of a sportsman. He said "my shins were cracked in ice hockey and

How to Write a Dissertation in Management

How to Write a Dissertation in Management The dissertation is the last step that you have to take on your way to the MA degree. It provides you with an opportunity to show the skills and knowledge that you have gained through all academic years. Your dissertation is your chance to demonstrate that you’re well-versed in identifying the area(s) suitable for academic research: deciding on research objectives; gathering, organizing, and analyzing the relevant literature and secondary data; drawing conclusions, and if necessary, providing relevant recommendations for further research. University courses in the field of management are among the most popular all over the globe, at both graduate and undergraduate levels of study. Writing a dissertation in management requires planning ahead, using the key terms appropriately, conducting thorough research, and writing text in plain English. Step 1. Choose Dissertation Topic The field of management includes a wide variety of issues and trends that you’re welcome to dedicate your dissertation to. Whether you choose to analyze new trends or simply research traditional and well-known issues, it is important to choose a hooking topic, and you know you’ll be able to research, analyze, and write about. If you can’t come up with an attention-grabbing topic for a dissertation in management, check the following suggestions: How Do Psychosocial Hazards Impact Workplace Risk Management? Marilyn Ferguson: Traits of the New Paradigm in Leadership and Organizational Change; The Risk Management Process: Business Tactics and Strategies; Human Error in the Field of Project Management; The Impact of Technology and Innovation Usage on Business Management? Language Issues in Multinational Management; Can Eco-Friendly Business Strategies Boost Profitability? Entrepreneurial Management in Family-Owned Businesses; How to Enhance Project Management Efficiency in Newly Established Businesses; Gender Discrimination in the Delegation Task by Managers; Management and Its Impact on Organizational Efficiency; Managing Knowledge and Information in the Public Sector; Employees Flexibility Towards New Job Positions with Knowledge Management Strategies; Max Weber and Bureaucratic Management Theory; The Impact of Work-Life Balance, Talent Management, and Retention Strategies in the Hospitality Industry; Change Management and Its Impact on Business; Investigation of the Underlying Principle for Team Working Effectiveness and Working Techniques; Home-Work Interaction: A Challenge to HR Management; An Investigative Approach to Power Balances in Management Structures and Leadership of Multinational Companies; Public Sector Performance: Motivation, Management, and Measurement; Multicultural Project Management: What Are the Reasons for Failure? The Common Ways of Managing Change in Start-Up Businesses. Step 2. Write a Management Dissertation Proposal The term ‘dissertation proposal’ stands for a proposal for the final dissertation project that is aimed at persuading the committee that you are about to commit complex, interesting, and valuable questions. In other words, this is when you think of a significant issue and set up a plan for organizing information and writing the project. There are some key points to pay attention to when writing a proposal for a dissertation on management: What area is your project based on (supply chain management, sales management, public relations management, marketing management, etc.)? What problem is your project going to tackle? Why is it a problem for an academic or research community you belong to? Why is it necessary to find the right solution? How are you going to look for the answers? If, for example, you’re writing a dissertation on the topic ‘Can Job Motivation and Satisfaction Influence the Efficiency and Performance of a Company,’ the objectives and aims of this project are the following: To recommend operational models and strategies that can influence the organizational performance of the chosen company; To determine the benefits to the chosen company following an increase in personnel job satisfaction; To assess all the levels of motivational factors of the chosen company personnel that will enhance their job satisfaction, leading to organizational performance; To determine the whole range of motivational implications to the organizational effectiveness of the chosen company. The objectives mentioned above will help in providing the right answers to the issues relevant to the research question and sub-questions you’ve evaluated and analyzed on the basis of the related theories. Step 3. Perform an In-Depth Research At this stage, you set the overall development of your dissertation. It has to be effective since wasting your time analyzing and reading irrelevant sources may turn to be disastrous for your paper. Here are some quick recommendations on how to go through the research stage: Choose the right sources to look for information. Use the Internet as a starting point for your search. Use blogs, educational portals, forums, and articles. For the students engaged in marketing management, use the sources like Journal of Marketing Management. If it’s financial management that you write your dissertation on, Free Management Library will become handy. Human resource management issues, in turn, are available on the portals like Human Resource Management Journal or Harvard Business Review. However, make sure to double-check everything you read online to ensure it comes from a trusted place. Use Google Scholar to locate trustworthy resources of your interest. At the same time, don’t avoid regular visits to the library since librarians may provide you with some interesting publications. Organize your resources. It is important to take notes. If not, you’ll end up confused, having not the slightest idea of where certain materials are located. You’re welcome to use Penzu, Evernote, or any other app to write down notes for your management dissertation together with the sources you’re going to reference. Step 4: Write Your Dissertation in Management Writing goes smoothly when you have a solid plan. For that reason, you have to make a dissertation outline. You’ve got the proposal now, which serves as a preliminary outline for the management dissertation. Still, it’s necessary to construct a more detailed outline for a complex project. If your research led you to some unexpected direction, ensure to include all new points in the outline. Check the basic outline for the management dissertation: The Introduction The first part should provide a background of the issue, as well as a statement of the problem. Later on, you will specify and clarify the study purpose and the question of the research. Then, you’ll have to provide the definitions of each term that is relevant to your management dissertation. The authors are also welcome to give their expectations and assumptions about the final results. For instance, if you write on A Study of the Impact of Organizational Culture on Motivation of the Employed, your intro might include the following: ‘According to Graham Bennett, Human Resource Management is one of the crucial elements of operation in management. HRM has three key functions, acquiring human resources, maintaining them, as well as developing them. Human Resource Management directs and maintains human resources and represents the proper climate and culture for the employed in the companies. Out of all assets in a company, HR is the most crucial and dominant, which provid es organizations edge over others. Therefore, organizational management is buying commitment of the employed through successfully implementing motivation principles, rules, and policies.’ Literature Review In this section of the management dissertation, you’re required to review your research process and the key acknowledgments that you have come to. Remember that the literature review section should introduce and justify the questions and objectives of the research. It is not just a catalog of writers, authors, ideas, and frameworks but rather an introduction of a critical evaluation of the works of those authors. The literature review usually takes from 3 000 to 4 000 words. Methodology This section of the dissertation on management is focused on how you located each resource and all the results’ implementation methods. If it’s the qualitative dissertation that you write, you’ll expose the research participants, questions, processes of data analysis, data collection, and setting. In case it’s a quantitative dissertation, this chapter will focus on the research hypotheses and questions, collection of data, and data analysis. Findings This is the most significant part of the management dissertation for the reason that exactly at this stage, you’re required to demonstrate your intellectual capacity. Restate your research questions and talk about the results you’ve managed to find. Diagrams, graphs, etc. are useful when it comes to presenting the results of your research and illustrating the key points. Conclusions In the last chapter of the management dissertation, sum up the research, and give some brief results. It is important to explain what kind of difference your findings make in the academic world and how one can imply your findings in practice. If you’re writing a dissertation based on the business management issue, don’t confuse conclusions with the recommendations for the company that you investigate. If you’d like to provide a list of recommendations, provide a short separate chapter for that. At the end of the final chapter, make sure to create the so-called ‘Recommendations for future research’ segment, where you address the issues for the further research and clarify why exactly you do that. Bibliography It is important to use the citation style that is recommended by your college or university, as well as include the sources that you have used at the writing and research stage. Appendices Appendices are used by the authors in order to provide some supporting evidence for reference. By using the appendices, you have an opportunity to prove the authenticity of your work or illustrate points of principle specified in the text, questionnaires, etc. It is important to mention that appendices should include only subsidiary material. Don’t Skip Editing There’s a particular difference between proofreading and editing: proofreading is focused on the paper form, while editing is based on the essence. Make sure to focus on the essence at first. The point here is that you can’t proofread your project and then begin to erase all needless parts and add more text. It is highly recommended to see if there is a direct link between every argument throughout the text of your dissertation. Do you notice any gaps in the way materials are provided? Use the information that you collected at the research stage to fill in those gaps. Maybe at some point, you simply got carried away when providing research explanations. That’s not a problem. All you have to do is to cut those parts and clarify them as precisely as possible. After all, it’s all about quality and clarity, not the quantity. The management dissertation writing process is time-consuming and challenging. However, that’s not something that college or university students can’t cope with once they have step-by-step guidance at hand. You have to keep in mind how far you have come in your studies, so you simply can’t go back. For that reason, ensure to tackle the dissertation stage by stage, and soon, you will cope with the more important project in your academic career. Before you go and submit your dissertation in management to the committee, it is crucial to get some feedback. First, you might approach a colleague or a friend who has knowledge and skills in the field of management. It is important that you trust the chosen person since the dissertation is not an essay or book review. This is your intellectual property that is unique to the academic world. Get to know what they think about your piece and what suggestions for improvement they are ready to provide and why. Finally, have a talk with your mentor about the final touches for your project. S/he will highlight all the weak points that your dissertation has, as well as provide you with the instructions on how to finalize the writing stage before getting ready for the presentation.

Sterile Service Department Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sterile Service Department - Essay Example The essay "Sterile Service Department" talks about the hospital sterile services department which is operated by a specialised group of staff who provide an essential service by supplying the operation theatres with sterile instruments and departments with specific items required for patient care.After each use, the medical devices undergo various decontamination processes to render them safe and for reuse on patients and for staff handling. Prior to beginning the decontamination, the used medical device is first received by the sterile services department in a collection container specifically meant for this purpose and is subjected to reprocessing. It is essential that the SSD staff need to check the device and to notify the user if any part of the equipment is damaged or missing on receipt. This is followed by a series of interdependent decontamination procedures like cleaning, disinfection and sterilisation to ensure complete elimination of microbes and other contaminants from th e reusable medical device. Cleaning is the first step in decontamination and is an essential prerequisite for the next stage namely disinfection. Cleaning is done either by mechanical means using an automated washer disinfector or an ultrasonic bath comprising warm water rinse, power wash, disinfection using a detergent and a drying phase. The choice of detergent depends on the nature of the equipment and the user follows the instructions of the manufacturer. For delicate or complex medical devices, manual cleaning is normally preferred.

The Use and Impact of the Internet and Social Media Essay

The Use and Impact of the Internet and Social Media - Essay Example The introduction and growth of social media have had adverse effects on the quality of friendship made. Currently, people are in a rush to make friends without clear knowledge and understanding of what these people are, their backgrounds and what common interests you share. Others prefer interacting with their friends via smartphones and computers rather than creating friendship time where people can interact with each other and build on friendship ties. On the other hand, I disagree with some of Deresiewicz 's opinions and thoughts. Social media platform has taken dissemination of information to another level. In my opinion, people using online platforms can share what they want others to see. Most of the social media platforms have a privacy column where one can choose what other people can see about them. Apart from that, social sites such as Facebook and Twitter have helped bridge strong ties between their users. Information can be easily passed from one person to another via twe ets and Facebook updates hence as much as Deresiewicz describes them as a liability to quality friendship, it is important to look at the positives as a whole.From his view, Deresiewicz has a solid argument with candid illustrations but it is important to look at the positive attributes the online platform has created so far.In her article "The Things People Say: Rumors in an Age of Unreason", Elizabeth Kolbert describes how the use of the World Wide Web has influenced peoples way of analyzing critical issues affecting them in the society.

Human smoke by nicholson baker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human smoke by nicholson baker - Essay Example The book ends in 1941. The aim of this paper is to produce a summary of the book that records a timeline in the world history for about fifty years. Human Smoke talks about almost every country that was involved in wars of the early twentieth century in one way or the other. The book also talked about the stories of people that played active roles in the two world wars. From the likes of Winston Churchill, a well-known figure to the likes of Jeanette Rankin (Montana legislator), whose impact in the US declaration of war against Germany in the First World War seem to have been forgotten. Human Smoke explained that Jeannette Rankin was the only legislator in the United States House of Representative that voted against the participation of the US forces in the First World War and she was also the only legislator that voted against the Second World War. The book also discussed the roles played by people like Theodore Kaufman and Henry Emerson Fosdick during the war. Kaufman was a ticket seller at Brooklyn that wrote a tract on the purification of Germany, while Fosdick was an advocate for war that later turned to be an advocate for peace (pacifist) (Baker). Baker tried to work on the intellect of the readers by presenting readers with data, thus causing them to draw inferences from these data. Baker is not explicit in the presentation of his argument and the implication of this is that readers would have to draw conclusions from some of his implicit statements. Baker actually gave an outstanding account of the events of these world wars in a way that it has not been given before by any historian and this is actually what distinguishes the book from other works. The unique thing about the book is that it is more like a dedication to the British and American pacifists that stood against the war. Baker explains that these pacifists tried to restore peace to the world by resolving the differences between Japan and the United States of America. They also tried to

Steganography, Cryptography And Watermarking

Steganography, Cryptography And Watermarking Steganography has been derived from Greek word Stego which means Covered and Graphia which means writing. Steganography is an ancient technique of covert communication. The earliest form of Steganography has been reported by the Chinese. The secret message was written in very fine silk or paper, and then it was rolled into a ball and covered with wax. The messenger would either swallow the ball or hide it in his nether parts. Herodotus has mentioned in one of his seminal works of history, Histories during the 400B.C about the tradition of secret writing. In his writings he has mentioned about the conflicts between Greece and Persia. A king named Histiaeus encouraged the Aristagoras of Miletus to revolt against the Persian king. He used to tonsure the head of his most trusted servants and tattooed the scalps with secret message and waited for the hair to grow. The servant used to travel between the borders without carrying anything contentious freely. At the reception end his head wou ld be tonsured again and the message will be conveyed. Similarly during the World War II, the Germans invented the use of microdots. Image containing great details were scaled down to the size of microdots. The German usage of secret sharing is regarded as the recent evolution of Steganography. Another example of Steganography is during the Vietman War were the captured US armed force showed hand gestures during a photo sessions to convey some military secrets. The field of Steganography is limitless and any kind of cover media can be used for carrying secret messages. Cover medias can be text, images (grey, binary, color), audio, video etc. An example is illustrated as follows. Siva and Adam dined happily. The following message is not simply a plain text but it carries a secret message within it. By extracting every second letter from each word we derive a secret message as follows. India Other methods of non technical Steganography is using lime and other citrus liquids to write secret data. The message will be imperceptible to the eye. When it is shown over a flame the writings will become perceptible. Steganography is method of information hiding. Steganography can be considered as an art as well as science for secret communication. The best way to explain the purpose of using Steganography is the Prisoner Problem. Now let us consider two prisoners Alice and Bob, and Wendy to be the warden. Now if Alice and Bob want to devise a plan for escaping then they got to communicate with each other. If Wendy is a passive warden then he wont interfere in there communication but if he is an active warden then he will interfere and extract the secret message sent. Hence Alice and Bob got to communicate in such a way that Wendy is not able to decipher there plan. This can be done by the technique of Steganography. Steganography is been used in order to enable secret communication. It is also being used by terrorist for covert communication which is potential for endangering our national as well as world security. Despite the ill effect there are positive sides of Steganography. For example a photographer can store the aperture size, future references etc while taking a picture. Steganography has a wide application in medical imaging were the details of the patients are embedded within the medical image. Similarly Steganography can be used for different friendly applications. It is also used for copy right protection using it along with Watermarking. The use of Steganography also has an important role in strengthening national security. Steganography is defined as secret hiding. It can also be regarded as secret sharing since messages can be shared secretly without being hacked or corrupted. COMPARISON BETWEEN CRYPTOGRAPHY, STEGANOGRAPHY AND WATERMARKING The other forms of data hiding are cryptography and watermarking. Cryptography is a technique in which the secret message is encrypted and sent in an unintelligent format. The basic difference between Steganography and cryptography is that Cryptography scrambles the data whereas Steganography just hides the data. Cryptography scrambles the secret data in such a way that it appears to be gibberish to any unintended user. The secret data to be communicated is a mixture of permutation and substitution and hence any unintended user cant receive the message. Steganography is different from Cryptography. Steganography rather hides the data whereas Cryptography encrypts the data. Steganography provides much more security when compared to cryptography because there is no chance of any unintended user to know that a message is being sent whereas in Cryptography there will always be a suspicion that a message is being sent. Hence these are more prone to be hacked or suppressed. Watermarking is generally used for authentication and copyrights protection. Watermarking can be used for creating a image in order that it is recognizable. It can also be used to mark a digital file so that it is intended to be visible (visible watermarking) or visible to its creator (invisible marking). The main purpose of watermarking is to prevent the illegal copying or claim of ownership of digital media. CHARACTERISTICS OF STEGANOGRAPHY, CRYPTOGRAPHY AND WATERMARKING The common characteristic between Steganography, Cryptography and Watermarking is that they transmit the secret information in such a way that only the receiver is able to decrypt the data. These techniques had been prevalent during the ancient times have been transported to the digital world. It has become nearly impossible to extract or detect the secret messages. In digital domain Steganography and watermarking have a tie and it is majorly used in digital images. These have other uses as well. Both cannot exist by themselves and hence they require cover objects. Steganography requires a cover media to carry the secret information and watermarking requires a carrier object which it is intended to protect. These similarities create a link within them and hence some modifications can lead the transportation from one technique to another. Due the similarities present between these it is difficult to distinguish between the both but actually there is a remarkable difference between the m. Cryptography encrypts data in two methods secure or unbreakable (e.g. One-time pad) systems and breakable (e.g. RSA) systems. Through both the systems communication carried out is known to all. But it is time consuming and often fruitless to crack a code. The robustness of the code lies upon the difficulties faced while reversing the code in different permutations and combinations. Due to its robustness it is used for security purposes. For example Cryptography is used for online shopping, banking etc. The credit card number, expiration etc and other crucial informations are encrypted and sent so that an unintended user cant access the details. Steganography offers high carrier capacity keeping embedded message invisible and maintaining the fidelity of the cover media. The efficiency of the Steganographic method is that one shouldnt know that a media file has been altered in order for embedding. If the malicious user knows if there is some alteration the Steganographic method is defeated and less efficient. The embedded message is very fragile and hence if any modification is done to the stego image th e whole secret message is corrupted. The effectiveness lies on the ability to fool an unintended user. The layers of communication can be more than one layer. A secret message can be embedded with a digital image which in turn can be embedded within another digital media or video clippings. Watermarking is required in order for authentication and copyright protection of digital files. The embedded watermarking is required in an object to make it impossible to remove completely. If the embedded watermarking is removed, then the marked object is either distorted or destroyed making it useless for anyone. This is the reason why watermarking is more robust when compared to the other image processing techniques, such as compression, cropping, rotation etc. hence even if a tiny bit of information is extracted by modification and tempering the rightful owner can still claim ownership. If the owners name is embedded in the digital image and the particular image then the original information is tampered and destroyed. Unlike Steganography, it is acceptable for everyone one to see the watermark embedded in it including the invisible ones. COMBINED EFFORTS OF STEGANOGRAPHY, CRYPTOGRAPHY AND WATERMARKING Cryptography is used as a paisano of the other two data hiding techniques. Data is encrypted in both the techniques in order to increase the randomness of the Steganography to avoid the statistics-based attacks and to protect the hidden data in watermarking. Commonly it is a practice to first encrypt the data and then use any one of the embedded techniques. The importance of watermarking can be stated as follows. Suppose Rs 100 bill is introduced in December 2009 then watermarking is required in order to prevent illegal copies. If the bill is shown in light a small image will appear within the large image. The watermarking is actually a part of the large paper and is visible on both sides. Hence it becomes difficult to produce a paper with such features. In addition to these features some tiny writings which are invisible to the human eyes are present in the paper. A banker having the necessary equipments (magnifying glass) can tell the difference between the original bill and the fake bill. Steganography makes its play here. The tiny printing done on the bill represents Steganography. It is implemented in order to achieve high security. The tiny printing done in the paper cannot be copied since any commercial printer is incapable to print such a fine and thin print leading to black spots. These are the reasons why Steganography is used for high security. Cryptography is actually implemented in the bill. A serial number is been printed in the bill which may contain information about the location and date of bill is printed or any other confidential information. The unique serial number for each bill can be used for tracking purposes. Using Steganography, Cryptography and Watermarking it becomes impossible to reproduce Rs100 bill. It must be kept in mind that all three are different and have different functionality. REQUIREMENTS OF STEGANOGRAPHY Any digital media can be used as a cover media. The cover media can be a text, image (color, gray), audio or video etc. Cover media is required in order to hide and carry the information. Usually digital images are required in order to hide secret messages. The secret message is hidden within the digital image. After the message is embedded within the cover media An innocuous image consisting of scenery, people and other objects are the nominees for cover media. The availability of natural images is not a problem due to the affordable price of digital cameras nowadays. Natural images are the best candidates for cover image since they have higher resolution providing flexibility and other necessary need. Images are selected because the cover media is selected depending upon how the human visual system works. The gray image consists of pixels with intensity value from 0 to 255. The human eye cannot differentiate between a pixel intensity of 244 and 245. It will appear both the pixel intensities to be same. Also natural image s contains lots of noise and hence there is lots of pixel value intensity difference especially in the edges. This variation in the pixel intensity is known as randomness and can be exploited to embed the data without providing any suspicion to human eye. The human visual system wont be able to distinguish between the image before modulation and the image after modulation. The secret data is embedded within the cover image. The resulting image is called a stego-image. The stego-image will appear to be the same as the original image. The human eye cannot usually distinguish between the stego-image and the original image except there is a significant change between the images. In that case the Steganographic method employed is ineffective. Hence there are certain Stego-system criteria which we have to follow while doing a Stegagraphic implementation. They are stated as follows. The major criteria of Steganography that the cover media shouldnt be significantly altered or modified. The embedded data should be directly encoded in the cover and not in the header or wrapper. The embedded data should be immune to modifications of the cover. That is if the cover media under goes any change then data embedded within it should be unaltered. During transmission there are chances of noise to occur and hence distortion due to noise cannot be eliminated. Due to this issue error coding algorithms should be included where ever it is required. It is advisable to avoid the suspicious portions while embedding the message in the cover. This because after embedding in these regions they become open to suspicion. For example by embedding in smooth portions of the image, the resultant image becomes distorted and open to suspicion. Hence such portions are often avoided and portions where there is variation in the pixel intensity are preferred. The embedding efficiency must be improved. Efficiency of the embedding capacity depends upon the number of pixels in the image used for embedding purposes. The stego-image should be robust to steganalysis. Steganalysis is a method of identifying the difference between the original image and stego-image. Using steganalysis one can derive the information about the secret message. The stego-image should reassemble the original image and there should be any suspicion. The cover image should have high carrier capacity. That is the embedding capacity should be large. The amount of information present in the image should be resistant to distortion and should be comparable to the number of pixels present in the image. The three basic requirements of Steganography are robustness, capacity and imperceptibility. All these requirements should be satisfied for having an effective Steganographic method.

Pupil School :: Papers

Pupil School The whole building seemed to moan in pain as the merciless wind battered it's crumbling walls. The Hayes boarding school had just called lights out. Mr Branston, the head teacher, doddered down the corridor at a snails pace rattling his cane across every radiator he walked past in an attempt to intimidate the students. He was making sure the dormitories were locked down and secure, but he was too drunk to check any locks properly. So he stumbled blindly back to his office to finish off the whiskey. As the rattling faded and finally ceased small lights could be seen through the dusty cobwebbed windows of the dormitories and the murmuring of whispered speech could be heard through the thin walls. Word had gone round school through word of mouth and notes passed in class that Norris had organised a meeting in the gym that very night. So as the school fell silent the children crept to the gym where Norris, or Gregory Norris as he was known to the teachers, stood waiting on the stage. He was hugely respected by the students and despised by the teachers. He held the record for the most detentions in a row after getting one hundred and thirty five for setting Mr Branstons wig alight during a chemistry class in year eight. He had dark messy hair and light brown eyes, which seemed to stare right through you as he spoke. He stood tall on the stage watching over the students as they entered the hall. First to arrive were the year seven and eight pupils looking warily around to make sure that the meeting wasn't an ambush by the older students, then quickly scuttling into a corner near the stage. Next came the year ten and eleven pupils who were used to sneaking round at night and had stopped off at the kitchens for a midnight snack. Finally came the year nines who shuffled grumpily in and sat on the tables at the back complaining about how they need to sleep. Pupil School :: Papers Pupil School The whole building seemed to moan in pain as the merciless wind battered it's crumbling walls. The Hayes boarding school had just called lights out. Mr Branston, the head teacher, doddered down the corridor at a snails pace rattling his cane across every radiator he walked past in an attempt to intimidate the students. He was making sure the dormitories were locked down and secure, but he was too drunk to check any locks properly. So he stumbled blindly back to his office to finish off the whiskey. As the rattling faded and finally ceased small lights could be seen through the dusty cobwebbed windows of the dormitories and the murmuring of whispered speech could be heard through the thin walls. Word had gone round school through word of mouth and notes passed in class that Norris had organised a meeting in the gym that very night. So as the school fell silent the children crept to the gym where Norris, or Gregory Norris as he was known to the teachers, stood waiting on the stage. He was hugely respected by the students and despised by the teachers. He held the record for the most detentions in a row after getting one hundred and thirty five for setting Mr Branstons wig alight during a chemistry class in year eight. He had dark messy hair and light brown eyes, which seemed to stare right through you as he spoke. He stood tall on the stage watching over the students as they entered the hall. First to arrive were the year seven and eight pupils looking warily around to make sure that the meeting wasn't an ambush by the older students, then quickly scuttling into a corner near the stage. Next came the year ten and eleven pupils who were used to sneaking round at night and had stopped off at the kitchens for a midnight snack. Finally came the year nines who shuffled grumpily in and sat on the tables at the back complaining about how they need to sleep.

Classification Of Forests By Functions Environmental Sciences Essay

Forests play a critical function in the development and in guaranting environmental sustainability of the state. Besides providing wood merchandises for economic development, woods besides contribute significantly to cut downing inundation and storm amendss by keeping and chairing H2O flows, providing H2O for production and support activities, extenuating erodings, landslides, and bring forthing hydroelectricity. Forests besides heighten clime control, conserve biodiversity and familial resources, and supply chances for eco-tourism and out-of-door diversion. Forests besides hold a important portion in the Earth ‘s clime by absorbing and hive awaying C – therefore cut downing planetary heating. Franklin D. Roosevelt, one of the greatest work forces in the US history has said: â€Å" A state that destroys its dirts destroys itself. Forests are the lungs of our land, sublimating the air and giving fresh strength to our people † . In Viet Nam, a state that the bulk of population still depends on agribusiness, forestry significantly contributes to sustainable, economic growing, stabilisation of society. However, as the state grows economically, the demand for forestry additions quickly, therefore influences the biodiversity every bit good as the ecosystem. This essay will show the function of wood in Vietnam, so travel on to the categorization of wood and eventually illustrate key issues that impacting woods and forestry.Discussion of findingsFunctions of woodsAs the natural woods are greatly of import to the state, the functions of woods in Vietnam are shown in assorted facets. Forests are beginning of nutrient. In many parts of the state, particularly some distant countries, woods play an of import portion in human nutrient supply. Human nutrient from woods can be classified into 2 chief groups: workss and animate beings origin. The group of workss includes gathered fruits, seed, foliages and mushroom. Because of the natural growing, workss nutrients are wholly fresh and incorporate a high degree of foods such as saccharides, fructose and other micronutrients, vitamins and minerals, for case ( Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department 1996 ) . In some instances, seeds or olives and palm fruits can be pressed to bring forth vegetable oils, which is highly healthy for human by incorporating a big figure of Calories and no cholesterin ( Simpson & A ; Ogorzaly 1995, p.315 ) . The 2nd group, carnal nutrients, includes insects, larvae and hunted animate beings. Forests are beginning of medical specialty: Since the early age of human history, workss have been proved to be particularly utile for handling diseases. Many remedies for black diseases were originated from workss ( Simpson & A ; Ogorzaly 1995, p.376 ) . These yearss in Vietnam, wild workss are still considered as the chief medicative beginning for pharmaceutical industry. It is possible in the close hereafter that more utile botanical drugs, will be found as different workss are tested ( Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department 1996 ) . Forests are the chief stuff beginnings. In Vietnam, forests hold an indispensable portion in providing stuff for human. Wood harvested from plantations is the chief stuff beginning for edifice houses and bring forthing domestic equipment. Forests besides provide natural stock for forest merchandise processing industry and firewood for dependent cultural minorities in cragged countries ( Tien & A ; Thong 2008 ) . Forests protect home grounds. Forests provide shelter for human life and wildlife. They have an highly ecological map with the environment. Forests significantly take portion in doing the clime equable, minimising negative effects of inundations and battling eroding. Harmonizing to Tien & A ; Thong ( 2008 ) , forest ‘s part in keeping the stableness and birthrate of land dirt is undeniable. It is estimated that the sum of dirt eroding where close woods are available is equal to merely 10 % of those topographic points without woods. Forests provide relaxation and amusement: with fresh air and a cool atmosphere, woods are perfects finishs for those seeking for peaceable topographic points to loosen up in holidaies, avoiding pollution and bad effects from noisy urban countries ( Tien and Thong 2008 ) . Coastal protection: woods contribute to protect the state ‘s sea seashore, particularly mangrove woods. They are really utile for screening moving ridges, air current, storms and sea invasion. Many studies about function of woods in the defence against tsunami have been done after the atrocious tsunami in December 26th, 2004 caused the decease of 100s of 1000s people in assorted states in Asia and Africa. Shuto ( 1987, cited in Latief and Hadi 2007 ) said that: Forests may cut down tsunami impact and asserted that a wood is effectual for several grounds: 1 ) it stops driftwood and other jetsam ; 2 ) it reduces H2O flow speed and flood deepness ; 3 ) it provides a life-saving trap for people swept off land by a tsunami run-down ; and 4 ) it amasses wind-blown sand and create dunes, which serve as a natural barriers against tsunamis. Forests play an of import function in C segregation and storage. Forests contribute unusually to cut down the heating of the Earth and life environment. Forests provide the indispensable environmental universe service of recycling C dioxide into O. 40 per centum of the O is produced in tropical rain woods ( Boland 2009 ) . In other word, they are â€Å" Lungs of the Planet † . This map besides evidently belongs to natural woods in Vietnam. Therefore, forest loss could do unexpected alterations in the ambiance and natural catastrophes. Forests contribute to the society: forestry creates occupations for Vietnamese, particularly for people in rural and cragged countries. In recent old ages, the development of ecological touristry besides contributes to lifting income degree for local people and cut downing poorness ( Tien & A ; Thong 2008 ) .2.2. Categorization of woods by mapsEntire land country that the Government planned for forestry is 16.24 million hectares. It is divided into 3 forest classs. Special-use wood: the land planned for development of special-use woods is 2.199.342 hectares, which accounts for 13.5 % of the entire country. Special-use wood has been identified in order to continue nature, protect species of the forest ecosystem and conserve cistron beginnings. It besides provides for research, protects historical and cultural relics and caters for remainder, diversion and touristry. Harmonizing to Vietnam Administration of Forestry 2011, special-use wood is a combination of National Parks, Nature preservation countries, Landscape protection countries and scientific experimental and research countries. Protection woods: the land planned for protection woods is 4.832.962 hectares, which makes up 37 % of the entire country. Protection woods, which are chiefly planned to protect and modulate H2O resources, contribute significantly in the procedures of protect dirt, prevent eroding, limit natural catastrophes, moderate the clime and guarantee the ecological balance and environmental security. There are 4 chief types of protection woods: watershed protection forest, air current and sand interruptions forest, wave breaks protection forest, protection wood for ecology and landscapes. Production woods: the land planned histories for the bulk of entire country with 8,495,823 hectares, which is tantamount to 52.3 % . Production forests chiefly serve the intent of bring forthing both timber and non-timber wood merchandises for the market and at the same clip to protect the environment and continue the ecological balance ( Vietnam Administration of Forestry 2011 ) .2.3. Key issuesVietnam forestry is confronting up several issues. Harmonizing to Coe 2005, forest coverage in Vietnam has fallen 29 % over the last 60 old ages. Pressure on land and wood merchandises is increasing due to the development of agribusiness and the growing of population ( Raven, Evert & A ; Eichorn 1992, p.698 ) . Meanwhile the job of feeding people in cragged countries is highly difficult to work out because of the deficiency of agricultural land and free population motion. Deforestation for agricultural productiveness every bit good as lumber exports has led to serious jobs. The biodiversity o f natural wood is diminishing as a effect. Vietnamese Government had taken some action against deforestation and it seemed to hold brought some consequence. From 1993, the sum of lumber cut down illicitly was strongly minimized ( Hill 1997 ) . However, there are still a scope of jobs presents. Forest direction is non united and sustainable. The figure and the ability of forest officers do non run into the demands. Therefore, in some parts of the state, deforestation for illegal lumber exports is still out of the control. In recent old ages, forestry has made some accomplishment but its part to GDP is still really little. Forestry has non efficaciously helped people cut down poorness because the income of people working in this field is extremely unstable. Most of the workers in this field come from distant countries. Their lives can non be wholly dependent on the forestry. Meanwhile, the engineering is non developed plenty to run into the demands. The available methods to utilize 1000000s hectares of natural wood are limited. As a consequence, it could non convey the income to local people ( Forest Science Institute of Vietnam 2009 ) .DecisionVietnam National Forest contributes greatly to environment protection, land care, eroding control, inundation decrease and supplying home ground for wildlife. Meanwhile, forestry and forest merchandise processing industry holds an indispensable portion in the national economic system. In recent old ages, Government ‘s policies to better forestry and protec t natural woods have made some alterations. The consequences show in the addition of forest coverage and accomplishment of merchandise processing industry. However, there are still several jobs such as deforestation and force per unit area on land and wood merchandises. It is extremely pressing for the Government to happen effectual solutions to work out the state of affairs and heighten the forestry of Vietnam.Word count: 1508

CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE AGE OF TERRORISM essays

CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE AGE OF TERRORISM essays The era of modern terrorism began in 1968 with the hijacking of an airliner flying from Rome to Tel Aviv (Dershowitz). The distinguishing between earlier criminal aviation hijackings and the pattern of terrorist hijackings is that prior to 1968, the motive was either to divert the ransom it for money. Modern terrorists learned very quickly that their reached more easily through terrorism than through peaceful negotiation if abiding community at large is unprepared to respond decisively. Terrorism particularly successful when elements of the government are sympathetic to objectives, since it can provides a perfect excuse to make concessions that The psychology of terrorism is simple enough, it is the same behind old-fashioned kidnapping: the idea is if you want to coerce someone effectively, just threaten to do something that he fears worse than the your demands. Terrorism is much easier to employ successfully in societies that incorporate a concern with civil rights, and comparatively more societies that are not particularly preoccupied with civil rights issues. instances where terrorism is employed purely for vengeance, the goal of universally the same: to bring greater attention to one's cause than non-violent political discourse. Anecdotal evidence from the former Soviet suggests that the most effective way to eliminate terrorism is to adopt responses and to extract information through any means deemed necessary. is that more ruthless societies are better protected against terrorism than where human rights are widely respected and protected. In Why Terrorism Works, Alan Dershowitz provides a convincing into the effectiveness of terrorism once it is allowed to achieve any graphing the long history of Palestinian terrorism against Israel and the world for the purpose of calling attention to their political aims. He instance of terrorism by the PLO...

Free Essays on Crime and Punishment

A highly used theme in the book crime and punishment is alienation. Raskolnikov alienates himself from society because he feels as if he is â€Å"superior† to others. He feels as if he doesn’t need to relate with others because of his superiority. After murdering Lizaveta and Alyona Ivanova, Raskolnikov isolates himself because he feels guilty. Raskolnikov sees himself as a being a superman, and is above all rules that govern society. Raskonikov probably thought he was extraordinary when he wrote the Ubermensch theory. Murdering Alyona, the pawnbroker led him to believe it was right and he gained his superiority through that. But he was unable to cover up his emotions of guilt. Many situations throughout the book proved this, such as when he was at the police station and the fresh paint smell led him to faint because it reminded him of the murders. According to Raskolnikov’s theory, he thought the reason he committed the crime was because he thought he as superior. After! committing the crime, he became ill, either the crime commited makes you become ill, or illness makes you commit the crime. Raskolnikov thought he was helping the society by his right to eliminate unneeded people. But he felt guilt from murdering Lizaveta out of fear. This was the guilt that led him to become ill. Raskolnikov did change the world, but nobody benefited from it. This proves that Raskolnikov is not a superior man, because he could not overcome his guilt. He could be superior, if repressed his feelings of guilt. Raskolniklov’s theory states there are tow types of people in the world, â€Å"ordinary† men and â€Å"extraordinary† men. â€Å"Ordinary† men have no right to reshape the laws because they are not superior, yet â€Å"extraordinary† men has the right because he is superior. Raskolnikov refers to Napoleon as being superior because he overcame many great obstacles to become superior. Raskolnikov did not become superior beca... Free Essays on Crime And Punishment Free Essays on Crime And Punishment Crime and Punishment - Suffering In the novel Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoevsky, suffering is an integral part of every character?s role. However, the message that Dostoevsky wants to present with the main character, Raskolnikov, is not one of the Christian idea of salvation through suffering. Rather, it appears to me, as if the author never lets his main character suffer mentally throughout the novel, in relation to the crime, that is. His only pain seems to be physical sicknes. Raskolnikov commits a premeditated murder in a state of delirium. He ends up committing a second murder, which he never ever wanted to be responsible for. He kills Lizaveta, an exceedingly innocent person. But does the author ever remind us of the murder at any time in the novel again? Not in the physical sense of the crime itself. The reader doesn?t hear about how heavily the murders are weighing on his heart, or how he is tormented by visions of the crime. He doesn?t feel the least bit guilty about having committed the crime, only his pride?s hurt. He doesn?t mention the idea of the pain that might arise from recurrent visions of the crime. Raskolnikov never again recalls the massive amounts of blood everywhere, the look on Lizaveta?s face when he brings down the axe on her head. These things clearly show that the crime isn?t what might cause him suffering, or pain, it is something else. After Raskolnikov is sent off to Siberia, he doesn?t feel remorseful. His feelings haven?t changed about his crime, he feels bad at not being able to living up to his own ideas of greatness. He grows depressed only when he learns of his mother?s death. Raskolnikov still hasn?t found any reason to feel remorse for his crimes. He takes Siberia as his punishment, because of how annoying it is to go through all these formalities, and ridicularities that it entails. Yet, he actually feels more comfortable in Siberia than in his home in St. Petersburg. It?s more... Free Essays on Crime and Punishment A highly used theme in the book crime and punishment is alienation. Raskolnikov alienates himself from society because he feels as if he is â€Å"superior† to others. He feels as if he doesn’t need to relate with others because of his superiority. After murdering Lizaveta and Alyona Ivanova, Raskolnikov isolates himself because he feels guilty. Raskolnikov sees himself as a being a superman, and is above all rules that govern society. Raskonikov probably thought he was extraordinary when he wrote the Ubermensch theory. Murdering Alyona, the pawnbroker led him to believe it was right and he gained his superiority through that. But he was unable to cover up his emotions of guilt. Many situations throughout the book proved this, such as when he was at the police station and the fresh paint smell led him to faint because it reminded him of the murders. According to Raskolnikov’s theory, he thought the reason he committed the crime was because he thought he as superior. After! committing the crime, he became ill, either the crime commited makes you become ill, or illness makes you commit the crime. Raskolnikov thought he was helping the society by his right to eliminate unneeded people. But he felt guilt from murdering Lizaveta out of fear. This was the guilt that led him to become ill. Raskolnikov did change the world, but nobody benefited from it. This proves that Raskolnikov is not a superior man, because he could not overcome his guilt. He could be superior, if repressed his feelings of guilt. Raskolniklov’s theory states there are tow types of people in the world, â€Å"ordinary† men and â€Å"extraordinary† men. â€Å"Ordinary† men have no right to reshape the laws because they are not superior, yet â€Å"extraordinary† men has the right because he is superior. Raskolnikov refers to Napoleon as being superior because he overcame many great obstacles to become superior. Raskolnikov did not become superior beca... Free Essays on Crime And Punishment â€Å"But if such a one is forced for the sake of his idea to step over a corpse or wade through blood, he can, I maintain, find himself, in his conscience, a sanction for wading through blood†¦Ã¢â‚¬  With these words, Dostoevsky, author of Crime and Punishment, gives the reader a clear look at the type of ideas which fill the mind of his main character. Raskolnikov, the protagonist, sums up his overtaking beliefs in this quote that he derives from Nietzsche’s philosophy. Dostoevsky develops Raskolnikov as being completely engulfed by a theory which believes that â€Å"the rearing of a human species higher and stronger than that which surrounds us, even if this could only be achieved by the sacrifice of masses of such men as we know, would be a great, a real progress.† Raskolniknov believes he is part of this superior race and his feelings of supremacy isolate him from others in society, even his family. Raskolnikov is an individual alienated from society wh o justifies his vain actions by a superhuman theory. Through background information, the author explains to his audience that Raskolnikov is a student at the university in St. Petersburg but drops out because he becomes mentally overwhelmed by his contemplations of murder. Through use of an article Raskolnikov writes in the newspaper, the antagonist of the story becomes aware of Raskolnikov’s justifications. Dostoevsky uses an argument between protagonist and antagonist to unveil Raskolnikov’s philosophy. In this altercation, Raskolnikov says, â€Å"†¦Solon, Mahomet, Napoleon, and so on†¦these benefactors and leaders of humanity were guilty of terrible carnage. I maintain that all great men or even men a little out of the common, capable of giving a new word, must from their very nature be criminals.† With these thoughts, Dostoevsky reveals Raskolnikov’s true preoccupations with Nietzsche’s philosophy. He develops the argument further to include the impact of the phi... Free Essays on Crime and Punishment Crime and Punishment Symbols from the text: The symbol of the cross is prominent in the novel, and represents the burden of suffering that Raskolnikov, as well as the other virtuous characters in the novel, must bear. This suffering can be seen as sharing the common grief of humanity and giving of oneself to others, and thus furthering life. Characters such as Luzhin, the old pawnbroker and Svidrigailov, who live selfishly and so reject this burden, remain impure, and in Svidrigailov's case especially, spiritually sick and depraved. In fact, Svidrigailov embodies evil, the side of Raskolnikov that rationalizes murder and resists turning himself in. By contrast, Sonia embodies love, the half of Raskolnikov's nature that unhesitatingly gives all he has for a poor man's funeral or risks his life to save two children. The ax, which Raskolnikov uses to commit the murders, symbolizes the two halves of Raskolnikov's nature. These opposing sides are in conflict throughout the novel and are reflected in his two victims, the old pawnbroker and Lizaveta. He uses the blunt side to murder the old woman and the sharp edge to kill Lizaveta, symbolizing that he has killed himself in the act as well. The Haymarket, or city square, can be seen as representing the common people or humanity. When he wanders through this area in the throes of his illness, Raskolnikov can blend easily into the crowd, signifying that he is not the extraordinary man of his theories. And when he goes to turn himself in, he obeys Sonia's instructions to go into the square and bow to the earth, asking it for forgiveness. In instructing him to do so, Sonia returns him to humanity and to life. It is interesting to note as well that when Raskolnikov takes Sonia's cross, it is the Cypress one, which he remarks stands for the common people. By committing murder, he has set himself above common morality and now must return. There is also an apparent tension between reason or i... Free Essays on Crime And Punishment Sacrifice is important to an individual’s well being. It is intertwined with ones sense of right and wrong, as sacrifice is usually letting go of something important in order to do what is right. Sacrifice literally means to sell or give away at a loss. In Crime and Punishment, many characters gave something away that left them at a loss but also may have helped them in the long run. Sacrifice is shown as a necessity through the characters of Raskolnikov, Sonia, and Svidrigailov. Raskolnikov sacrificed many parts of his life in order to be rehabilitated. As a test to his extraordinary man theory, in the beginning of the novel Raskolnikov murdered the pawnbroker as a sacrifice to improve society because the world would be better without the â€Å"old hag† (pg. 407). As he explained to Sonia, he believed that he killed himself and the devil killed the old hag, as she had deserved. This shows that he sacrificed his own life to murder the pawnbroker, which at the time he felt was the right thing to do. As his condition worsened Raskolnikov felt that it was suitable to disconnect himself with his mother who loved him so dearly, in order to give her peace of mind. This sacrifice helped Pulcheria because she would have worried far too much if she had known what was happening to Raskolnikov and the crime that he commited. Lastly at the end of the novel, Raskolnikov was forced to sacrifice his freedom in order to rehabilitate himself in Siberia and have a c hance to live without suffering when he gets out. The only way for this rehabilitation was confession as Porfiry had explained to him; therefore his confession was imminent and provided Raskolnikov with the only possible solution rather than killing himself. Without the help of Sonia, Raskolnikov may not have confessed and sacrificed his freedom, but he also may not have survived. Sonia is a very sacrificial character as she represents many things to Raskolnikov and to her family. T... Free Essays on Crime And Punishment Crime and Punishment The tone of the scene in Crime and Punishment was violent and at the same time also calm and sensual. Rashkolnikov’s eagerness to take away life has transformed him into a careless mad man who resorted to any measures to get what he wants. The description of each action demonstrates Rashkolnikov’s awareness of his surroundings and proves that he is sane and understands all of his choices. The diction of this passage conveys mental madness, â€Å"†¦Am I going out of my mind†¦Ã¢â‚¬  because of having read the letter from his mom and sister about their sacrifices for his education has driven him to find any means to prove himself. Rashkolnikov is an educator and has lost his self worth and feels powerless, â€Å"he froze, †¦ still as death† with his actions he feels each ounce of gained mental and physical power. Before Rashkolnikov had no control of his life or what was in stored for the future, he would have money and the next broke again. His mother and sister have already made decisions in order to help his with his future and feels like he has given nothing in return. The love he has for his family has caused him to commit murder and â€Å"unexpected murder†, Rashkolnikov continued his rampage and refused to be caught. His sensuality has defined himself as a person who cares for others â€Å" †¦thin, light, gray-streaked hair... † and takes time to describe the victim’s features. A cold-blooded killer would not take the time to describe his actions because those facts aren’t in a killer mind at all. The fear that Rashkolnikov felt was shame and embarrassment but he felt he was doing the right thing and he had to make sureâ€Å"†¦Struck once more†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that everything was final. His sense of failure has taking over his mind and has made killing Aliona and her sister Lizaveta justified. Rashkolnikov’s interpretations of what he is doing displays a mental consideration for each dead body, he examines the v...

I dont know chose the one that fits the story Essay

I dont know chose the one that fits the story - Essay Example Many examples are given in this paper of how Gates has used monologue as an exposition device to convey his audience his intended message. The paper concludes with a concise summary of the main points in the paper. To begin with, Henry Gates begins this memoir by drawing a vivid picture of how their kitchen looked like when he was young, Gates says, â€Å" we always has a gas stove in the kitchen, in our house in Piedmont, West Virginia where I grew up. Never electric, though electric became fashionable in Piedmont in the sixties, like using Crest toothpaste rather than Colgate, or watching Huntley or Brinkley†. In this quotation, Gates gives a perfect exposition of his family’s kitchen and lifestyle when he was young and growing u. This exposition is meant to connect his audience with his childhood lifestyle. The use of monologue as an expository device helps Gates to connect his audience with his childhood lifestyle in a very clear way. In explaining his humble background, Gates says the following, â€Å"Mama would wash her hair over the sink, towel wrapped over her shoulders, wearing just her slip and her white bra. (We had no shower- just a galvanised tub that we stored in the kitchen†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This quotation expresses the humble background of Gates, the fact that Gates’ family did not have shower, but just a galvanised tub that they stored in the kitchen means that Gates’ family was poor. Gates uses monologue to make this exposition about her poor and humble background. Through the use of monologue as a literary device in this exposition, Gates connects his audience with his humble background. This exposition will help his audience to better understand the main message that he wants to express in this memoir. It is good to note that Gates’ intended audience in this memoir is the Black Americans who were constantly trying to emulate the white people’s standard of beauty. Through the exposition of his humble background, Gates intended audience will be

Does your state have any exemptions to the NICS background check Essay

Does your state have any exemptions to the NICS background check requirements - Essay Example The initial purpose of this waiting period is to ensure that there is sufficient time for processing all documentation including a background check. In addition, individuals may purchase a firearm due to an external impulse and may act irrationally if they are given a firearm immediately. Therefore, this period is designed to allow the individual to relax and consider his reasons for purchasing the firearm (FBI, 2013). According to the NICS, a waiting period is not obligatory and an individual may attain possession of his or her firearm immediately. Florida state laws require a three ay waiting period for handguns; however, riffles have no waiting period (FBI, 2013). 3. A permit is a document which is issued by a state allowing an individual to carry out a certain action, which in this case is the purchase or own a firearm. The permit often documents certain conditions that have to be met. In addition, the permit often has some restriction. These are often associated with background checks and storage requirements which are intended to ensure safety within the community. The permits also vary from state to state as some may allow the use of the gun for hunting and target practice, however, prohibit its use for self defense. In Florida, no permit is required for the purchase of shot guns, hand guns or rifles (FBI, 2013). 4. Gun registration is not required in Florida for all firearms. Once an NICS background check has been conducted, the individual has full ownership or his firearms and there are no other obligations in the purchasing process (FBI, 2013). Florida also recognizes licenses from other states. In addition, unlike most states, Florida allows both residents and non residents to carry firearms (FBI, 2013). 5. All dealers of firearms in Florida have to register with the Department of Law enforcement and they have to meet the requirements of this institute when they conduct their sales. In addition, they have to gain approval from the Department of Law E nforcement before every sale and afterwards a record of sales is sent to the police (FBI, 2013). 6. Florida state law allows all individuals to possess firearms upon their consent; however, all legal requirements have to be met. Only illegally purchased firearms are prohibited in Florida. Another restriction of firearm ownership is age and individuals are obliged to be above 21 years old (FBI, 2013). 7. Throughout Florida all firearm regulations are similar, and a license is valid throughout the state. However, there are some specific areas which prohibit concealed carry of a firearm. These places include areas of nuisance according to s. 823.05, highway patrol and police stations, prisons or correctional facilities, courtrooms, schools, universities, polling areas, legislature meetings, career centers, in any establishment which sells alcohol and in passenger terminals such as train stations and the airport. The only exception of this law is that the weapons carried are for shipmen t or are being legally transported to another location. It is also prohibited for individuals to carry a concealed firearm in the Savanna Preserve Park unless he or she is a law enforcement agent. Seaports are also obliged to show a notice for the prohibition of firearms. The possession of a firearm in restricted areas s regarded as a misdemeanor of the

Money,Banking&Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Money,Banking&Finance - Essay Example The present prices of the bonds would help in the determination of the market rate of interest, or the price that would be paid for the use of the money for a period of time. There exists a functional relationship between the rate of interest and the time of the bonds. The term structure of interest rates or the yield curve shows the relationship between the rate of interest and the yields of the bonds with the terms to maturities. The curve is a representation of the various opportunities that may exist for the arbitrage as well as the expectation of the markets about the interest rates that may prevail in future. Interest Rates While carrying out the analysis of the yield curve it is essential to know the components of the nominal interest rates. This equation shows that the real rate of interest represented by r is the main component of the rate of interest. On the other hand, sigma is the risk premium that is being added to the rate of interest which is open to fluctuations due t o various events. On the other hand, ? is the representative of the rate of inflation while l is the component that would capture the liquidity. The various financial markets would offer bonds and other long term instruments that would be offering a variety of interest or the rates of return (Kettell, 2001, pp. 19-26). The premium is the representation of the consumer behaviour that would depict that the consumers would be unwilling to hold that particular asset class. The following diagram shows the break-up of the various components of the rates of interest. The loans that are provided for the long term cost higher because the premium for liquidity would increase with the increase in the tenure of the bonds. The people would always want to hold liquidity at the present period of time rather than a later period. The opportunity cost of keeping the money in the hand would be less in the present period as compared to the future period. Yield Curve The yield curve is drawn from the yi eld to maturity of the bonds. The yield to maturity (YTM) is considered to be the approximate value of the rate of interest for a particular term to maturity of a bond. The various points of the terms to maturity and the corresponding yields to maturity are plotted on a plane and the curve that is fitted along these points is known as the yield curve. The following diagram is an example of a yield curve. In the plane the vertical axis measures the yield of the bonds and the horizontal axis measures the term to maturity of the bond. Figure 1: Yield curve The yield curve thus summarises yield of the different bonds that are being traded on a particular date. The yields or the different tenors in such cases may be different. The yield of a bond is the unique rate at which the cash flows that is provided by a bond is discounted. Thus even though the accrual of the cash flows are taking place at the different points in time the rate at which it is taking place is the same (Rossi, 2007, p p. 225-241). This rate is known as the yield to maturity of the bonds. In most cases the interest rates are considered to be fixed for the entire tenor. This would give rise to a flat yield curve as shown in the diagram below. Throughout the tenure of the bond the rate of interest that has been offered in case of this yield curve is 3.5%. Figure 2: Flat Yield Curve The

Sustainable development-Ethanol fuel in Brazil Essay Example for Free

Sustainable development-Ethanol fuel in Brazil Essay Brazil has one of the largest programs on bio-fuel world wide which involves the production of ethanol fuel from the sugarcanes. The ethanol provides an approximated 18% in the automotive fuel of the country. This has then resulted into the country being self sufficient in oil which it had to import several years ago because of the exploitation of the domestic deep water oil resources. (Steen 1994) The nature and value of global management for sustainable development The sustainable development of the ethanol fuel in Brazil involves a social ecological process that is characterized by the fulfillment of the needs of human beings while at the same time indefinitely maintaining the same quality of the natural environment. This link between the development and the environment was recognized globally in the international union for conservation of nature book that was published by the world conservation strategy. In Brazil the sustainable development of the ethanol fuel does not only focus on the environmental issues but it also encompasses various policies in the economic and social areas. In Brazil the government should ensure that there is environmental sustainability in the production of the ethanol fuel so as to ensure that the environment further continues to function properly and also indefinitely. (Steen 1994) This will further involve meeting the needs of the Brazilians without endangering the future generation’s welfare. If the country of Brazil purposes to maintain the environmental sustainability in the production of the ethanol fuel then this will eliminate the environmental degradation of ethanol sources in the country. On the other hand sustainability of the ethanol fuel in Brazil requires that the human activities use only the natural resources at a rate at which they can naturally be replenished. If the consumption and the renewable resources are less than the nature’s ability to replenish then there will be environmental renewal which will further lead to a sustainable development. But if on the other hand the consumption of the renewable resources is more than the natures’ ability to replenish then there will be environmental degradation and the development will not be sustainable. The key stakeholders and partners of the sustainable development of ethanol in brazil includes the Brazilian government, the consumers and sugar farmers, the Brazilian citizens, the producers of ethanol and also the car manufacturers and retailers of the bio-ethanol fuelled cars. The relevant issues in the sustainability of the ethanol development in Brazil involve the control measures which have been derived from the Montreal protocol and also the phasing out of the leaded gasoline in the country. The bio-ethanol in the country of Brazil has been used as a liquid fuel in the commercial sector for a long time and the Brazilian government has taken the initiative of promoting the bio-ethanol through a program known as pro alcohol in the 1970s. The Brazilian federal government also gave subsidies to the farmers and also maintained low price and this was aimed at absorbing the energy production constant surplus while at the same time preventing the country from being dependent on the foreighn oil imports. (Steen 1994) In the recent past brazil there has been escalating oil prices and the government of brazil has refocused on the bio-ethanol fuel and also the flexi fuel cars in search for the cleaner and also renewable energies. The consumers can fuel their vehicles by ethanol. In maintaining a sustainable development of ethanol in Brazil the government has laid down some policy options which include; 1. By promoting the use of the bio-ethanol and fuel flex cars which are more environmental friendly than the petroleum products. 2. y ensuring that the fuel flexi cars are affordable to most people in brazil 3. by ensuring that the bio-ethanol and bio-fuels are readily available at the regular filling stations 4. by subsidizing the bio-ethanol price and making it more attractive to the consumers 5. by promoting the sugar production through the subsidies 6. By promoting the production of the bio-ethanol through the industry’s incentives and also subsidies. The ethanol alternative in Brazil is ready to create jobs and also contribute to the sustainable rural development. Globalization of the economic activities on the other hand eliminates the employment opportunities especially in the countryside and this marginalizes the poor Brazilians from the productive resources. (Daly and Amana 1981) In Brazil ethanol highly relies on the bio-mass cultivation such as sugarcane and it is coupled with a system of processing facilities that is decentralized providing more human sustainable development opportunities. The increase 0f ethanol production in Brazil promises to alleviate partially the neo-liberal economic reform outcome. Humphrey and Buttel 1982) The Brazilian government however needs to realize the economic and social economic development goals in sustaining the affordable and sustainable forms of energy such as ethanol since it is the most important key driver for the modern economic development. Based on the sustainable development concept, the reliance of Brazil on the petroleum fuel imports as a major commercial fuel in the country is unsustainable both in the long and short term. However the use of ethanol could be a sustainable solution in the long run with the potential to create an economic growth as well improve the living standards of the Brazilians and also reduce the environmental degradation. The use of ethanol in Brazil could however lead to the decline of the environmental quality and this will reduce its sustainability but with better control measures and also technological improvement such problems could be prevented. The influence of global sustainable development research on the future managerial decision making The research on the global sustainable development would highly influence the managerial decision making process in the following ways. First and foremost most decisions which will be made will significantly be based on protecting the environment as well as requiring lower inputs. (Costanza 1980) Secondly the decisions made will be based on strategies that will help in dealing with the emerging food fuel battles. Similarly the major decisions made will focus on the carbon dioxide emissions and its positive effects in reducing the global warming. The consumption of the fossil fuels as a major source of carbon dioxide loading in the atmosphere and also the development of any other fuel source greatly reduces this loading and this is a very desirable effect. The decision makers will also implement policies that are environmentally conscious on ethanol’s environmental drawbacks. The decisions will also focus on the strategic co-operation which can then make ethanol a pragmatic and partial solution to the many energy security related problems as well as the climate and the rural; development control world wide. The research on the global sustainable development will help the managers make informed decisions on the use of ethanol as a fuel source and the economical impacts encountered from its dependence. The decision makers will also be able to comprehend the impact of ethanol based on the three sustainable development spheres that comprise of the economic, social and also environmental dimensions. Similarly the research will enable the decision makers understand the role that is played by ethanol as a very useful tool in reducing the emissions on the greenhouse emissions and also in lessening the human and the environmental costs on petroleum dependency. (Capello and Naskapi 1999) Conclusion In conclusion since ethanol has been classified as a renewable form of energy it has made its production and its use sustainable in both the short and long term effects and this will further help its use meet the needs of both the future and the present generations.